General Chemistry — Chapters
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General Chemistry on STEM Calculators brings together interactive chemistry calculators and study tools that cover the core concepts taught in high school chemistry, AP/IB Chemistry, and introductory university chemistry. It’s designed as a single place to practice problem-solving, check homework, and learn the “why” behind each result with clear, step-by-step explanations.
Topics include stoichiometry and mole calculations, molar mass and formula handling, solution chemistry (molarity, dilutions, mixtures), gas laws and ideal gas computations, thermochemistry and energy changes, chemical equilibrium (K and reaction quotients), acids and bases (pH, buffers, titrations), kinetics and rate laws, electrochemistry and redox, and atomic structure/periodic trends and bonding-related calculations.
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2. Atoms
3. Chemical Compounds
- 1. Molecular Mass and Formula Mass
- 2. Mole and Avogadros Number
- 3. Law of Constant Composition
- 4. Law of Conservation of Mass
- 5. Deducing Empirical Formula
- 6. Determining an Empirical Formula from Combustion Analysis Data
- 7. Deducing Molecular Formula
- 8. Naming Binary Compounds of Metals and Nonmetals
- 9. Naming Binary Compounds of Nonmetals
- 10. Naming Binary Acids
- 11. Naming Oxoacids
- 12. Naming Hydroxides
- 13. Naming Salts with Polyatomic Ions
4. Chemical Reactions
- 1. Balancing Chemical Reactions
- 2. Stoichiometry of the Reaction
- 3. Relating the Mass of Reactants and Products
- 4. Chemical Reactions in Solutions (molarity)
- 5. Mass of Solute in a Solution of Known Molarity
- 6. Solution Dilution
- 7. Stoichiometry of Reactions in Solution
- 8. The Limiting Reactant
- 9. Theoretical Yield Actual Yield and Percent Yield
- 10. Reactants in Accordance with the Percent Yield
- 11. Consecutive Reactions
- 12. Extent of Reaction
5. Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
6. Gases
- 1. Pressure
- 2. Barometric Pressure
- 3. Manometers
- 4. Boyle's Law
- 5. Charles's Law
- 6. Avogadro's Law
- 7. Molar Volume STP and RTP
- 8. The Ideal Gas Equation
- 9. The General Gas Equation
- 10. Molar Mass Determination
- 11. Gas Density Determination
- 12. Law of Combining Volumes
- 13. Mixtures of Gases
- 14. Collecting Gases Over Water
- 15. Kinetic Theory of Gases Root Mean Square Speed
- 16. The Meaning of Temperature
- 17. Grahams Law of Effusion
- 18. Real Gases and Van Der Waals Equation
7. Thermochemistry
8. Electrons in Atoms
9. Liquids and Solids
10. Spontaneous Change Entropy and Gibbs Energy
- 1. Entropy Boltzmann's View
- 2. Entropy Change of Phase Transitions
- 3. Entropy Change of Heating or Cooling at Constant Pressure
- 4. Entropy Change of Reaction
- 5. Spontaneous Change
- 6. Gibbs Energy Change
- 7. Standard Gibbs Energy of Reaction
- 8. Nonstandard Gibbs Energy of Reaction
- 9. Gibbs Energy of an Ideal Gas
11. Solutions and Their Physical Properties
12. Chemical Equilibrium
- 1. Equilibrium Constant Kc
- 2. Equilibrium Constant Kp
- 3. Relationship Between Kp and Kc
- 4. Equilibrium Constant and Gibbs Energy Change
- 5. Equilibrium Constant and Gibbs Energy Change as Functions of Temperature
- 6. Relating Kc and Temperature Through the Vant Hoff Equation
- 7. Kc ICE Table Calculations
- 8. Kp ICE Table Calculations
13. Acid Base Equilibrium
- 1. pH and pOH
- 2. Ionization of Acids and Bases in Water
- 3. Percent Ionization as a Function of Initial Concentration
- 4. Strong Acids and Strong Bases
- 5. Weak Acids and Weak Bases
- 6. Polyprotic Acids
- 7. Hydrolysis
- 8. Solutions of Weak Acids or Bases and Their Salts
- 9. Partial Neutralization of Weak Acids or Bases
- 10. pH Changes in Buffer Solutions
- 11. Preparing a Buffer Solution
- 12. Acid Base Indicators
- 13. Titration of a Strong Acid with a Strong Base
- 14. Titration of a Strong Base with a Strong Acid
- 15. Titration of a Weak Acid with a Strong Base
- 16. Titration of a Weak Base with a Strong Acid
- 17. Titration of Polyprotic Acids
14. Solubility and Complex Ion Equilibria
- 1. Solubility Product Constant Ksp
- 2. Relationship Between Solubility and Ksp
- 3. Common Ion Effect in Solubility Equilibra
- 4. Criteria for Precipitation and Its Completeness
- 5. Fractional Precipitation
- 6. Solubility and pH
- 7. Equilibria Involving Complex Ions
- 8. Solubility of Solute When Complex Ions Form
- 9. Equilibria Involving Hydrogen Sulfide
15. Electrochemistry
- 1. Balancing the Equation for a Redox Reaction in an Acidic Solution
- 2. Balancing the Equation for a Redox Reaction in a Basic Solution
- 3. Disproportionation Redox Reactions
- 4. Standard Electrode Potentials and Galvanic Cells
- 5. Cell Potential Gibbs Energy Change and Equilibrium Constant
- 6. Electrode Potential at Nonstandard Conditions
- 7. Cell Potential Difference at Nonstandard Conditions
- 8. Concentration Cells
- 9. Electrolysis of Molten Electrolytes
- 10. Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions Electrolytes
16. Chemical Kinetics
17. Chemical Bonds
- 1. Lewis Diagrams for Atoms and Simple Ions
- 2. Lewis Structure of Diatomic Molecules Single Bonds
- 3. Lewis Structure of Diatomic Molecules Double and Triple Bonds
- 4. Lewis Structure of Group 3A Central Atoms Incomplete Octet
- 5. Lewis Structure of Group 4A Central Atoms
- 6. Lewis Structure of Group 5A Central Atoms
- 7. Lewis Structure of Group 6A Central Atoms
- 8. Lewis Structure of Group 7A Central Atoms
- 9. Lewis Structure of Polyatomic Ions with Central Element ( N P)
- 10. Lewis Structure of Polyatomic Molecules with Central Element ( S )
- 11. Lewis Structure of Polyatomic Molecules with Central Element Halogen
- 12. Lewis Structure of Molecules with Incomplete Octet
- 13. Lewis Structure of Molecules with Expanded Octet
- 14. Lewis Structure of Molecules with Odd Electrons