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Solution Dilution

General Chemistry • Chemical Reactions

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Initial solution

Final solution

How to enter:
• Provide M1, V1, and exactly one of M2 or V2. The missing value is solved from \(M_1V_1=M_2V_2\).
• Convert volumes to liters before using the equation (the tool does this automatically).
• If both M2 and V2 are entered, the tool runs a quick consistency check.

Paste / import values (optional)
Paste one line as: M1,V1,V1unit,M2,V2,V2unit,sig (units: L or mL). Example: 1.00,50,mL,0.10,,mL,4
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Frequently Asked Questions

What equation does the Solution Dilution calculator use?

It uses the dilution relationship M1V1 = M2V2, which comes from conserving moles of solute during dilution when only solvent is added.

How do I know whether to solve for M2 or V2?

If you have a target concentration, enter M2 and solve for the required final volume V2. If you know the final volume after dilution, enter V2 and solve for the resulting molarity M2.

Why does the calculator convert mL to liters before solving?

Molarity is defined in mol/L, so volumes must be in liters for units to be consistent. The conversion is V(L) = V(mL) / 1000.

How is the amount of solvent to add calculated?

After finding the final volume V2, the calculator computes solvent to add as Vadd = V2 - V1. For a dilution that lowers concentration, V2 is typically larger than V1.